Female birds must incubate eggs to maintain nest temperatures that facilitate embryonic development while ensuring their own self maintenance. In Sitting in the Open: How nest microclimate influences incubation behavior in an open-cup nesting passerine, published in the Journal of Avian Biology, we tested how ambient temperature affects incubation behavior, and how incubation behavior in turn influences in-nest temperature for an open-cup nesting passerine, the hooded warbler (Setophaga citrina). We also examined how covariates of brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism, clutch size, year, and females’ experience influence female management of incubation behavior and in-nest temperatures. We used iButtons to measure nest microclimate and in-nest temperatures for incubating hooded warblers in southern Ohio, USA, and we used in-nest temperatures to estimate incubation behavior. Under warmer ambient conditions, females incubated for longer periods of time, with fewer (but longer) off-bouts, resulting in a higher proportion of time spent incubating. Our data suggested that females under cooler circumstances leave the nest more to forage for themselves; while warmer conditions allowed females to stay on the nest longer for each on-bout, and for a greater proportion of the day. However, increasing variability of ambient temperatures caused females to take more off-bouts and on-bouts. Incubation behaviors directly influenced the realized in-nest temperatures: longer on-bouts and more incubation time overall generated higher and more stable in-nest temperatures. In contrast, longer off-bouts resulted in lower mean in-nest temperatures and less stable nest temperatures resulting in lower hatching success. Our results linked the flexibility of incubation behavior in response to nest microclimate variation to in-nest temperatures and hatching success for an open-cup nesting species, contributing to a better understanding of how climate influences critical maternal behaviors.